国立国語研究所
 
 

Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series: Overview INTRODUCTION

Here we publically release under the title "Corpus of Historical Japanese Meiji-Taishō Period Series I, Magazines," data for magazines from the Meji and Taishō periods, under the title "Corpus of Historical Japanese Meiji-Taishō Period Series II, Textbooks," data for government-designated national language textbooks used in elementary and higher elementary schools, under the title "Corpus of Historical Japanese Meiji-Taishō Period Series III, Early Meiji Spoken Language Materials," the principle data for spoken language published in the early Meiji period, under the title of “Corpus of Historical Japanese Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series IV Modern Novels”, data for 21 novels (by 21 authors) from the Mid-Meiji period through the Taishō period, under the title of "Corpus of Historical Japanese Meiji-Taishō Period Series V, Newspapers”, data from the Yomiuri Shinbun published during the Meiji and Taishō periods, and under the title of "Corpus of Historical Japanese Meiji-Taishō Period Series VI, Rakugo 78 rpm Discs” rakugo data (for 127 rakugo performances by 23 rakugo performers) recorded from the Meiji period through the Taishō period.

※ Long Unit Word information has not been annotated for this data.

Magazines, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series I

Overview

The "Corpus of Historical Japanese Meiji-Taishō Period Series I, Magazines" covers the published material for each year in a determined series of years for magazines representative of the Meiji and Taishō periods, respectively. Taking as its material magazines with a great variety of article genres and a great range of authors, the corpus is designed to enable a broad survey of aspects of written language, such as the shift from the classical style that was mainstream in the early Meiji period to the establishment of Contemporary Japanese, and to capture change in modern language diachronically.

Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series I: Magazines

The titles, publication dates, (and volume numbers) of the magazines included in the Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series I: Magazines corpus are as follows:

  • Meiroku Zasshi 明六雑誌
      1874 (nos. 1-25)
      1875 (nos. 26-43)
  • Tōyō Gakugei Zasshi 東洋学芸雑誌
      1881 (nos. 1-3)
      1882 (nos. 4-15)
  • Kokumin no Tomo 国民之友
      1887 (nos. 1-13)
      1888 (nos. 14-36)
  • Taiyō 太陽
      1895 (vol. 1, nos. 1-12)
      1901 (vol. 7, nos. 1-5, 7-10, 12-14)
      1909 (vol. 15, nos. 1-2, 4-6, 8, 10-14, 16)
      1917 (vol. 23, nos. 1-6, 8-10, 12-14)
      1925 (vol. 31, nos. 1-5, 7, 9-14)
  • Jogaku Zasshi 女学雑誌
      1894 (nos. 387-405)
      1895 (nos. 406-417)
  • Jogaku Sekai 女学世界 1909 (vol. 9, nos. 3, 5, 8, 10, 13, 16)
  • Fujin Kurabu 婦人倶楽部 1925 (vol. 6, nos. 3, 6, 12)

About the coverage of the texts

In principle, for each magazine the entirety of the text is taken as the object for annotation, but the following textual elements are included in the coverage.

  • Cover
  • Table of contents
  • Catalogue of contents
  • Publishing information
  • Addenda
  • Frontispiece
  • Articles centered on charts and figures
  • Articles written in kanbun or in European languages
  • Articles correcting misprints or mistakes in previous issues
  • Articles apologizing for failure to print other articles
  • Retail price for the magazine
  • Announcements of the mode of sale and the fees for advertising
  • Advertisements

Furthermore, the following items are excluded from the range of textual elements designated for coverage in the corpus.

  • Text and captions in charts, figures, illustrations, and photographs
  • Paragraphs written in kanbun or European languages

Introductory notes / Users' manual / Annotation guidelines

In addition to the Short Unit Word morphological information rendered searchable in the text of this corpus, information on the genre, title of the magazine, article, and author has been annotated and can be accessed in the search results of the corpus search application Chūnagon.
Please read the following abstract for this corpus before use:

Please see the following pages for details on the specifications of the four sub-corpora that comprise this corpus:

The Short Unit Word morphological information for this corpus has been annotated according to the distinction between Literary and Colloquial Japanese, set out in the Annotation Guidelines listed below:
Please consult the Annotation Guidelines before use.

Links to images of the original texts of the magazines

Images of the original texts of the magazines can be accessed through the search results from Chūnagon, so that the text of the corpus can be compared to the original documents during use. Please note that images of the original texts for Jogaku Zasshi, Jogaku Sekai, and Fujin Kurabu are not available.

Note for Users

Presentations of research results using this corpus must include a citation taking the general form of the example below (with appropriate modifications depending on the version and the date of access):

  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (Kondō, Asuko; Mabuchi, Yōko; Hattori Noriko; Nagumo, Chikako, et. al.) (eds.) (2019) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series I: Magazines." (Short Unit Word data 1.2) https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#zasshi (accessed March 29, 2019)

* As long as one of either the version or the date of access is clearly cited, the other can be omitted, as below:

  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2019) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series I: Magazines". https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#zasshi (accessed March 29, 2019)
  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2019) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series I: Magazines". (Short Unit Word data 1.2) https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#zasshi

Users will need to access the Corpus of Historical Japanese through the online search engine Chūnagon. Completion of a Users Licensing Agreement is required.
Please refer to the following: The Corpus of Historical Japanese: How to apply

Development Staff

    Developers

  • Kondō, Asuko; Mabuchi, Yōko; Hattori, Noriko; Nagumo, Chikako (Adjunct Researcher)

    Assisting in Development

  • Ogiso, Toshinobu (Professor); Tanaka, Makirō (Professor, Meiji University)
  • Kōno, Tomoaki (Postdoctoral Research Fellow)
  • Kikawa, Azusa; Nakano, Atsuko; Wakasa, Aya; Hori, Asami (Technical Staff)
  • Umeda, Asuka; Ogawa, Shino; Katō, Fumiko; Takahashi, Yūta; Nakamura, Ren (Production assistants)

* Titles are current with the time of development.

The corpus compilation was supported by the "Design for a Diachronic Corpus" (2009-2016) project and the "Construction of Diachronic Corpora and New Developments in Research on the History of Japanese" (2016-) project, and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP15H01883 (2015-2019).

Textbooks, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series II

Overview

In 1903, in accordance with amendments to the Elementary School Order, a national textbook system was established that limited the use of textbooks in elementary schools to those for which the Ministry of Education owned the copyright, and from 1904 national textbooks were used in Japanese language classes. The national textbooks for Japanese language were compiled with the aim of accomplishing, through national language education, the completion of a style unifying writing and speech as a written language form, and the establishment of a standard spoken language. The materials were major contributors to the establishment and spread of the standard language used in modern Japan. In the "Meiji and Taisho Edition II Textbooks" corpus are recorded the nationally prescribed Japanese language textbook used at elementary schools (Period 1 to Period 6) and the nationally-prescribed Japanese language textbook used at higher elementary schools (Period 1). The period (the first year of use) and the name of each textbook recorded are as follows:

    Elementary school
  • First period (1904) Jinjō Shōgaku Tokuhon vol. 1-8 尋常小学読本 一～八
  • Second period (1910) Jinjō Shōgaku Tokuhon vol. 1-12 尋常小学読本 巻一～十二
  • Third period (1918) Jinjō Shōgaku Kokugo Tokuhon vol. 1-12 尋常小学国語読本 巻一～十二
  • Forth period (1933) Shōgaku Kokugo Tokuhon Jinjōka-yo vol. 1-12 小学国語読本尋常科用 巻一～十二
  • Fifth Period (1941) Yomikata vol. 1-2 ヨミカタ 一～二, Yomikata vol. 3-4 よみかた 三～四, Shotō-ka Kokugo vol.1-8 初等科国語 一～八
  • Sixth Period (1947) Kokugo vol. 1-4 こくご 一～四, Kokugo: The Third-Sixth Grade 国語 第三学年～第六学年
    Higher elementary school
  • First period (1904) Kōtō Shōgaku Tokuhon vol. 1-8 高等小学読本 一～八

About the coverage of the texts

In principle, for each magazine the entirety of the text is taken as the object for annotation, but the following textual elements are included in the coverage.

  • Cover
  • Table of contents

Furthermore, the following items are excluded from the range of textual elements designated for coverage in the corpus.

  • text and captions in charts, figures, illustrations, and photographs

The data for the elementary school textbooks in this corpus are based on the text data of the body of text used in creating the "Kokutei-Yōgo-Sōran CD-ROM Edition" (National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics, 1997). In addition, the data for higher elementary school textbooks is based on the data from the separately created Morphologically Annotated Corpus of "Koutou-Shōgaku Tokuhon" (higher elementary school readers) (Asuko Kondo, Toshinobu Ogiso, Fumiko Kato, (2010), 'The Morphologically Annotated Corpus of "Koutou-Shōgaku Tokuhon"' ('The Collected Papers from the "Information Processing Society of Japan Symposium (Jinmonkon 2010 Collected Papers)', 2010:15, pp.189-194). The present corpus unifies these two sets of data and reconstructs the information in line with the design of the "Corpus of Historical Japanese".

Introductory notes / Users' manual / Annotation guidelines

In addition to the Short Unit Word morphological information rendered searchable in the text of this corpus, information on the period and grade has been annotated and can be accessed in the search results of the corpus search application Chūnagon. Please read the following abstract for this corpus before use:

The Short Unit Word morphological information for this corpus has been annotated according to the distinction between Literary and Colloquial Japanese, set out in the Annotation Guidelines listed below:

Please consult the Annotation Guidelines before use.

Links to images of the original texts of the national textbooks

Images of the original texts of the national textbooks can be accessed through the search results from Chūnagon, so that the text of the corpus can be compared to the original documents during use.

Note for Users

Presentations of research results using this corpus must include a citation taking the general form of the example below (with appropriate modifications depending on the version and the date of access):

  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (Hattori, Noriko; Mabuchi, Yōko; Kondō, Asuko et. al.) (eds.) (2018) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series II: Textbooks". (Short Unit Word data 1.0, Chūnagon version) http://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#kyokasho (accessed October 15, 2018 )

* As long as one of either the version or the date of access is clearly cited, the other can be omitted, as below:

  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2018) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series II: Textbooks". http://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#kyokasho (accessed October 15, 2018 )
  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2018) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series II: Textbooks". (Short Unit Word data 1.0) http://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#kyokasho

Users will need to access the Corpus of Historical Japanese through the online search engine Chūnagon. Completion of a Users Licensing Agreement is required.
Please refer to the following: The Corpus of Historical Japanese: How to apply

Development Staff

    Developers
  • Hattori, Noriko (Adjunct Researcher)
  • Mabuchi, Yōko (Project Assistant Professor)
  • Kondō, Asuko (Adjunct Researcher)

    Assisting in Development
  • Ogiso, Toshinobu (Professor)
  • Matsuzaki, Yasuko (Postdoctral Research Fellow)
  • Nagumo, Chikako (Adjunct Researcher)
  • Kikawa, Azusa; Nakano, Atsuko; Bandō, Ryō; Wakasa, Aya (Technical Staff)
  • Umeda, Asuka; Katō Fumiko; Takahashi, Yūta (Production assistants)

* Titles are current with the time of development.

The corpus compilation was supported by the "Construction of Diachronic Corpora and New Developments in Research on the History of Japanese" (2016-) project.

Early Meiji Spoken Language Materials, Meiji Era / Taishō Era III

Overview

The "Corpus of Historical Japanese Meiji-Taishō Period Series III, Early Meiji Spoken Language Materials" is a corpus collecting the principle materials for spoken language published in the early Meiji period. The materials collected are considered to be crucial for the understanding of the spoken language of the time, and of the colloquial writing style (genbun'icchi-tai --the writing style unifying Classical and Spoken Japanese) which spread and became established in the Meiji and Taishō Periods.

Collected works and source texts:

The titles, publication dates, (and volume numbers) of the magazines included in the Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series I: Magazines corpus are as follows:

※ For details on the works in the collection, please see the overview of this corpus.

About the coverage of the texts

The entirety of the text for each work has been taken as the object for annotation, but the following textual elements are included in the coverage for the corpus.

  • Cover
  • Catalogue of contents
  • Publication information
  • Advertisements

Furthermore, the following items are excluded from the range of textual elements designated for coverage in the corpus.

  • Text attached to illustrations and charts
  • Paragraphs written in English or European languages

Overview / Users' manual / Annotation guidelines

Please read the following the overview of this corpus before use:

The Short Unit Word morphological information for this corpus has been annotated according to the distinction between Literary and Colloquial Japanese, set out in the Annotation Guidelines listed below:
Please consult the Annotation Guidelines before use.

Note for Users

Presentations of research results using this corpus must include a citation taking the general form of the example below (with appropriate modifications depending on the version and the date of access):

  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (Kondō, Asuko; Ichimura, Tarō; Tokiwa, Tomoko, et. al.) (eds.) (2021) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series III: Early Meiji Spoken Language Materials". (Short Unit Word data 0.9) https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#shokikogo (accessed March 31, 2021)

* As long as one of either the version or the date of access is clearly cited, the other can be omitted, as below:

  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2021) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series III: Early Meiji Spoken Language Materials". https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#shokikogo (accessed March 31, 2021)
  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2021) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series III: Early Meiji Spoken Language Materials". (Short Unit Word data 0.9) https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#shokikogo

Users will need to access the Corpus of Historical Japanese through the online search engine Chūnagon. Completion of a Users Licensing Agreement is required.
Please refer to the following: The Corpus of Historical Japanese: How to apply

Development Staff

    Developers

  • Kondō, Asuko (Adjunct Researcher, The National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics; Researcher, Meiji University)
  • Ichimura, Tarō (Assistant Professor, Tokoha University; Former Adjunct Researcher, The National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics)
  • Tokiwa, Tomoko (Professor, Shirayuri University)

    Assisting in Development

  • Ogiso, Toshinobu (Professor); Tanaka, Makirō (Professor, Meiji University); Takada, Tomokazu (Associate Professor)
  • Takahashi, Yūta; Hori, Asami (Technical Staff)
  • Ōkubo, Ayumi (Production assistants)

* Titles are current with the time of development.

The corpus compilation was supported by the "Design for a Diachronic Corpus" (2009-2016) project and the "Construction of Diachronic Corpora and New Developments in Research on the History of Japanese" (2016-) project, JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP15H01883 (2015-2019), and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP15H01883 (2015-2019), and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP17K02786 (2017-2020).

Modern Novels, Meiji Era / Taishō Era IV

Overview

Modern novels are literary works written in a new style of language, born out of the influence of “civilization and enlightenment” which incorporated the culture and thought of the Western world. For research into the unification of the written and spoken language, a language change that is one the symbols of Japanese modernity, these are indispensable resources. Furthermore, they are crucial resources that contain history and achievements that have been the object of research on modern language in every field, beginning with those of vocabulary, style, and orthography.

Works Comprising the Corpus, and their Source Texts

The following 21 works are the novels that comprise this corpus:

  • Ukigumo 浮雲
  • Maihime 舞姫
  • Gojū-no-tō 五重塔
  • Takekurabe たけくらべ
  • Imato shinjū 今戸心中
  • Musashino 武蔵野
  • Omoide no ki 思出の記
  • Kōya hiziri 高野聖
  • Wagahai wa neko de aru 吾輩は猫である
  • Huton 蒲団
  • Doko e 何処へ
  • Aru onna 或る女
  • Arakure あらくれ
  • Udekurabe 腕くらべ
  • Den-en no yūutsu 田園の憂鬱
  • Kura no naka 蔵の中
  • Anya kōro 暗夜行路
  • Mugen hōyō 無限抱擁
  • Nobuko 伸子
  • Lemon 檸檬
  • Izu no odoriko 伊豆の踊子
※ Concerning the methods for selecting the works comprising this corpus, the coverage of the texts therein, and for details on the source texts used for producing the corpus texts, please refer to the following link: Overview; Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series IV: Modern Novels from the Corpus of Historical Japanese (CHJ)

About the coverage of the texts

In principle the entirety of the text for each volume of a work is taken as the object of annotation, but the following textual elements are excluded the coverage of texts.

  • Cover
  • Table of Contents
  • Colophon
  • Preface, Introductory Remarks, Foreword (Items unrelated to the content of the work itself)
  • Afterword, Epilogue

Furthermore, the following items are excluded from the range of textual elements designated for coverage in the corpus.

  • Text attached to illustrations and charts

Concerning for details on the coverage of the texts, please refer to the following link: Overview; Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series IV: Modern Novels from the Corpus of Historical Japanese (CHJ)

Overview / Users' manual / Annotation guidelines

Please read the following the overview of this corpus before use:

The Short Unit Word morphological information for this corpus has been annotated according to the distinction between Literary and Colloquial Japanese, set out in the Annotation Guidelines listed below:
Please consult the Annotation Guidelines before use.

Links to the original texts

With regard to the 10 works for which images of the original texts have been made public, it is possible to refer to images of the original texts from the National Diet Library Digital Collections while using the corpus by accessing them through search results generated in Chūnagon. (Please note that, out of the 21 works comprising this corpus, the 11 works for which images of the original texts have not been made public are not available for reference. Furthermore, please be aware in advance that with regard to the images that have been made open to the public, in addition to incomplete sections, there are also parts containing marginalia, tearing, and other damage that make viewing difficult.)

Note for Users

Presentations of research results using this corpus must include a citation taking the general form of the example below (with appropriate modifications depending on the version and the date of access):

  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (Takahashi, Yūta; Hattori, Noriko, et. al.) (eds.) (2021) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series IV: Modern Novels". (Short Unit Word data 1.0) https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#shosetsu (accessed April 1, 2021)

    • * As long as one of either the version or the date of access is clearly cited, the other can be omitted, as below:

  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2021) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series IV: Modern Novels". https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#shosetsu (accessed April 1, 2021)
  • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2021) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series IV: Modern Novels". (Short Unit Word data 1.0) https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#shosetsu

    • Users will need to access the Corpus of Historical Japanese through the online search engine Chūnagon. Completion of a Users Licensing Agreement is required.
    Please refer to the following: The Corpus of Historical Japanese: How to apply

    Development Staff

      Developers
      • Takahashi, Yūta; Hattori, Noriko（Adjunct Researcher）

      Assisting in Development
      • Ogiso, Toshinobu (Professor); Mabuchi, Yoko (Project Assistant Professor)
      • Kondō, Asuko (Adjunct Researcher)
      • Nakano, Atsuko; Nakamura, Ren; Bando, Ryō (Technical Staff)
      • Atsumi, Maki; Ogawa, Shino; Miura, Satsuki（Production assistants）

    * Titles are current with the time of development.

    The corpus compilation was supported by the "Construction of Diachronic Corpora and New Developments in Research on the History of Japanese" (2016-) project.

    Newspapers, Meiji Era / Taishō Era V

    Overview

    Newspapers, which only developed beginning from the Meiji period, were divided into the two lines of 大新聞 (ōshimbun ‘major newspapers’), targeted at the intelligentsia, and 小新聞 (koshimbun ‘minor newspapers’), targeted at the general citizenry who received no education. The present corpus is composed of data from Meiji and Taishō periods published in the “Yomiuri Shimbun”, a shōshimbun ‘minor newspaper’.

    Materials and coverage

      読売新聞 Yomiuri Shimbun

    • May 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 1875 and November 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1875
    • May 2, 4, 5, 6, 1881 and November 2, 4, 5, 6, 1881
      • 　　
    • May 3, 4, 5, 6, 1887 and November 2, 4, 5, 6, 1887
    • May 2, 1895 and November 2, 3, 1895
      • 　　
    • May 2, 3, 1901 and November 2, 1901
      • 　　
    • May 2, 1909 and November 2, 1909
      • 　
    • May 2, 1917 and November 2, 1917
      • 　　
    • May 2, 1925 and November 2, 1925

    About the coverage of the texts

    In principle, coverage is for the entire text of each issue, but the following textual elements have been excluded from coverage:

    • Advertisements
    • Articles primarily devoted to the presentation of proper nouns (personal names, place names) or numerical figures (investitures, letters of appointment, results of sports competitions, results of stock transactions, etc.)

    Furthermore, the following items are excluded from the range of textual elements designated for coverage in the corpus.

    • Text attached to illustrations and charts

    Overview / Users' manual / Annotation guidelines

    Please read the following the overview of this corpus before use:

    The Short Unit Word morphological information for this corpus has been annotated according to the distinction between Literary and Colloquial Japanese, set out in the Annotation Guidelines listed below:
    Please consult the Annotation Guidelines before use.

    Links to facsimile reproductions

    Links to facsimile reproductions in “Yomidasu Rekishikan” (a database of articles in the Yomiuri Shimbun) are displayed in the corpus search results obtained through Chūnagon, so that the user can refer to the original text while using the corpus. Note that a separate contract is required for “Yomidasu Rekishikan” reading privileges.

    Note for Users

    Presentations of research results using this corpus must include a citation taking the general form of the example below (with appropriate modifications depending on the version and the date of access):

    • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (Nakamura, Ren; Takahashi, Yūta; Mabuchi, Yoko, et. al.) (eds.) (2022) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series V: Newspapers". (Short Unit Word data 0.7) https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#shinbun (accessed April 1, 2022)

    * As long as one of either the version or the date of access is clearly cited, the other can be omitted, as below:

    • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2022) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series V: Newspapers". https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#shinbun (accessed April 1, 2022)
    • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2022) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series V: Newspapers". (Short Unit Word data 0.7) https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#shinbun

    Users will need to access the Corpus of Historical Japanese through the online search engine Chūnagon. Completion of a Users Licensing Agreement is required.
    Please refer to the following: The Corpus of Historical Japanese: How to apply

    Development Staff

      Developers
      • Nakamura, Ren; Takahashi, Yūta（Adjunct Researcher）
      • Mabuchi, Yoko (Associate Professor, Wayo Yomen's University; Former Project Assistant Professor)

      Assisting in Development
      • Ogiso, Toshinobu (Professor); Kondō, Asuko(Project Assistant Professor)
      • Bando, Ryō; Hori, Asami (Technical Staff)
      • Tsuchiya, Aoi; Nishibe, Michiru; Tanaka, Minami; Kanno, Michimasa; Hoshikawa, Mutsumi;
        Ebina, Midori; Kikawa, Azusa; Ōshima, Hideyuki; Koike, Toshiki; Adachi, Airu; Shigemura, Kotone; Tagawa, kaori; Yamada, Saki; Sogō, Noriko; Ogawa, Shino; Miura, Satsuki (Production assistants)

    * Titles are current with the time of development.

    The corpus compilation was supported by the "Construction of Diachronic Corpora and New Developments in Research on the History of Japanese" (2016-2022) project, and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP16J08872 (2016-2018), and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP20K13060 (2020-2023).

    Rakugo 78 rpm Discs, Meiji Era / Taishō Era VI

    Ovewview

    The "Corpus of Historical Japanese Meiji-Taishō Period Series VI, Rakugo 78 rpm Discs” has its value in presenting data that lies on the continuum of spoken language materials beginning from the early Modern period. The present corpus takes as its object the works assembled in the following: Kanazawa, Hiroyuki & Yajima, Masahiro (eds.) (2019) SP ban rakugo rekōdo ga hiraku kindai Nihongo kenkyū (Research on the Japanese language through 78 rpm records of rakugo performances). Kasama Shoin. Here are collected 76 works (by 13 rakugo performers) from Tokyo, and 51 works (by 10 rakugo performers) from Osaka.

    Texts and coverage

    Texts

    The main text for the “Meiji-Taishō Period Series VI, Rakugo 78 rpm Discs” corpus is based on transcriptions in Kanazawa, Hiroyuki & Yajima, Masahiro (eds.) (2019), but corrections, where appropriate, were made based on the sound data which was processed to remove noise to the extent possible.

    Tokyo

    • 三遊亭圓遊 San’yūtei En’yū
      英国グラモホン Eikoku Guramahon：野ざらし Nozarashi; 成田小僧 Narita kozō;
      　菅原息子 Sagawara musuko; 寿司屋の噺 Sushiya no hanashi; 地獄めぐり Jigoku meguri;
      　郭巨の釜の唄 Kakkyo no kama no uta; 湯屋番の鼻唄 Yuyaban no hanauta;
      　裁判の噺 Saiban no hanashi
      米国コロムビア Beikoku Korombia：太鼓の当込 Taiko no atekomi; 地獄旅行 Jigoku ryokō;
      　山号寺号 Sangō jigō
    • 柳亭左楽 Ryūtei Saraku 独逸ベガ Doitsu bega：地口 Jiguchi
    • 柳家小さん Yanagiya Kosan
      英国グラモホン Eikoku Guramahon：豊竹屋 Hōchikuya; 小言幸兵衛 Kogoto kōbē;
      　みかんや Mikan ya; 浮世風呂 Ukiyoburo; 葛の葉抜裏 Kuzu no ha nukeura; 九年母 Kunenbō
      独逸ベガ Doitsu bega：二階ぞめき Nikai zomeki; 出入帳 Deiri chō
      独逸ライロフォン Doitsu rairofon：浮世風呂 Ukiyoburo; 豊竹屋 Hōchikuya; 生酔 Namayoi;
      　粗忽長屋 Sokotsu nagaya; 花色木綿 Hanairo momen; 嘘つき Usotsuki; 鉄砲弥八 Teppō yahachi;
      　山号寺号 Sangō jigō; 六尺棒 Rokushaku bō; 夜鳴きうどん Yonaki udon; 成田屋息子; Naritaya musuko
      日米蓄音器商会 Nichibei chikuonki shōkai：浮世風呂 Ukiyoburo; 高砂屋 Takasago ya;
      　千早振 Chihayafuru
      ニッポノホン Nipponohon：うどんや Udon ya
    • 朝寝坊むらく Asanebō Muraku
      英国グラモホン Eikoku guramahon：塩原多助伝 Shiobara tasuke den; 士族の商法 Shizoku no shōhō;
      　角力将棋の噺 Sumō shōgi no hanashi; 田舎下男 Inaka genan; 書生幽霊 Shosei yūrei
      独逸ベガ Doitsu bega：世辞の悪い権助 Seji no warui gonsuke
    • 三遊亭圓右 San’yūtei Enyū
      英国グラモホン Eikoku guramahon：アズサメ Azusame; 向嶋 Mukōjima; 仏教の笑 Bukkyō no warai;
      　芝居噺楽屋の穴 Shibaibanashi gakuya no ana
      独逸ライロフォン Doitsu rairofon：まくらや Makura ya; 動物園もぐら芝居 Dōbutsuen mogurashibai;
      　焙じ茶 Hōjicha; 掛取万歳 Kaketori manzai
      ツバメ印ニットー Tsubamejirusi nittō：鍋草履 Nabe zōri
    • 三遊亭小遊三 San’yūtei Koyūza
      英国グラモホン Eikoku guramahon：音曲入噺ヅッコケ Ongyokuiri banashi zukkoke; 雷獣鍋 Raijū nabe
      米国ビクター Beikoku bikutā：菅原息子 Sugawara musuko
    • 古今亭志ん生 Kokontei Shinshō
      アメリカン Amerikan：昔話田舎者 Mukashibanashi inaka mono
    • 蝶花樓馬楽 Chōkarō Baraku
      英国グラホモン Eikoku grumahon：長屋の花見 Nagaya no hanami; 寿限無 Jugemu
    • 橘家圓蔵 Tachibanaya Enzō
      独逸ベガ Doitsu bega：吉原一口噺 Yoshiwara hitokuchi banashi;
      　昔の三題噺大根売 Mukashi no sandai banashi daikon uri
    • 橘家圓喬 Tachibanaya Enkyō
      英国グラモホン Eikoku guramahon：菖蒲売の噺 Shōbu uri no hanashi;
      　曽我打丸小噺 Soga uchi maru kobanashi;
      　大学 Daigaku; 手と足の喧嘩 Te to ashi no kenka; 三題咄佃嶋ほか Sandai banashi tsukudajima hoka;
      　角力の噺 Sumō no hanashi; 柿と栗の喧嘩 Kaki to kuri no kenka
      独逸ベガ Doitsu beka：魚売人 Gyobai nin; 付焼刃 Tsukeyakiba; 癖 Kuse
    • 三遊亭小圓遊 San’yūtei En’yū
      米国コロムビア Beikoku koromubia：素人車 Shirōto guruma
    • 柳家小せん Yanagiya Kosen
      独逸グラモフォン Doitsu guramahon：専売 Senbai
    • 快楽亭ブラック Kairakutei Burakku
      英国グラモホン Eikoku guramahon：孝子の人情噺 Kōshi no ninjō banashi;
      　蕎麦屋の笑 Soba ya no warai; 風土言葉の噺 Fūdo kotoba no hanashi;
      　待身音曲入滑稽噺 Matsumi ongyoku iri kokkeibanashi;
      　滑稽芝居稲川の噺 Kokkeishibai Inagawa no hanashi; 江戸東京時代の噺 Edo Tōkyō jidai no hanashi;
      　英日結婚の噺 Einichi kekkon no hanashi

    Osaka

    • 曽呂利新左衛門 Sorori Shinzaemon
      米国コロムビア Beikoku koromubia：馬部屋 Uma beya; サツマ県のおまわり Satsumaken no omawari;
      　湯屋 Yuya
      米国ビクター Beikoku bikutā：盲目提灯 Mekura chōchin; 後へ心がつかぬ Ato e kokoro ga tsukanu;
      　鋲泥棒 Byō dorobō; 恵美須小判 Ebisu koban
      独逸ライロフォン Doitsu rairofon：日と月の下界旅行 Hi to tsuki no gekairyokō;
      　動物博覧会 Dōbutsu hakurankai; 絵手紙 E tegami
    • 桂文枝 Katsura Bunshi
      独逸ライロフォン Doitsu rairofon：近江八景 Ōmi hakkei; 小噺 Kobanashi; たん医者 Tan isha;
      　近日息子 Kinjitsu musuko
    • 桂文團治 Katsura Bundanji
      米国ビクター Beikoku bikutā：倹約の極意 Ken’yaku no gokui; 芝居の小噺 Shibai no kobanashi
      旧ツバメ印ニットー Kyū tsubamejirushi nittō：四百ブラリ Shihyaku burari
    • 桂文三 Katsura Bunza
      米国コロムビア Beikoku koromubia：天神橋 Tenjin bashi;
      　滑稽日露戦争の噺 Kokkei Nichiro sensō no hanashi;
      　漆山角力の噺 Urushiyama sumō no hanashi; 善は急げ Zen wa isoge
      米国ビクター Beikoku bikutā：学者と魚売人 Gakusha to gyobainin;
      　豊竹屋節右衛門 Hōchikuya Fushiemon
      ミカド Mikado：写真屋 Shashin ya
    • 桂枝雀 Katsura Shijaku
      米国コロムビア Beikoku koromubia：亀屋左兵衛 Kameya sahē; 蛸と猫 Tako to neko
      ローヤル Rōyaru：蛸の手 Tako no te; 嫌い嫌い坊主 Kiraikirai bōzu; 煙管返し Kiseru gaeshi;
      　芋の地獄 Imo no jigoku; いびき車 Ibiki guruma
      旧ツバメ印ニットー Kyū tsubamejirushi nittō：さとり坊主 Satori bōzu
    • 桂枝太郎 Katsura Edatarō
      ニッポノホン Nipponohon：雷の褌 Kaminari no fundoshi
    • 林家染丸 Hayashiya Somemaru
      ツバメ印ニットー Tsubamejirushi nittō：日和違い Hiyori chigai; 親子酒 Oyako zake;
      　電話の散財 Denwa no sanzai
    • 桂文雀 Katsura Bunjaku
      ニッポノホン Nipponohon：長屋議会 Nagayagikai; 口あい小町 Kuchiai komachi
      ハト印東亜 Hatojirushi tōa：狐釣り Kitsune tsuri; 滑稽女子大学 Kokkei joshi daigaku
    • 笑福亭松鶴 Shōfukutei Shokaku
      米国ビクター Beikoku bikutā：一枚起請 Ichimai kishō; 魚づくし Uo zukushi;
      　竹の子（筍手討） Take no ko (Takenokoteuchi);
      　平の蔭 Hira no kage; 愛宕参り Atago mairi
      ローヤル（ニッポノホン） Rōyaru (Nipponohon)：神戸飛脚 Kōbe hikyaku
      ヒコーキ（合同） Hikōki (Gōdō)：やいと丁稚 Yaito detchi
      旧オリエント Kyū oriento：浮世床 Ukiyo doko
      旧内外 Kyū naigai：天王寺名所 Tennōji meisho; 理屈あんま Rikutsu anma
    • 桂米團治 Katsura Beidanji
      金鳥印・特許レコード Kinchō jirushi / Tokkyo rekōdo：大安売り Ōyasu’uri; ぬの字鼠; Nu no ji nezumi

    About the coverage of the texts

    In principle, the entirety of the sound data is taken as the object for incorporation into the corpus. However, portions where the volume of the sound was low, and where the sound was unintelligible were excluded from the coverage.

    Overview / Users' manual / Annotation guidelines

    Please read the following the overview of this corpus before use:

    The Short Unit Word morphological information for this corpus has been annotated according to the distinction between Literary and Colloquial Japanese, set out in the Annotation Guidelines listed below:
    Please consult the Annotation Guidelines before use.

    The following reference was consulted in the selection of the works for inclusion in the corpus:

    • 　Kanazawa, Hiroyuki & Yajima, Masahiro (eds.) (2019) SP ban rakugo rekōdo ga hiraku kindai Nihongo kenkyū (Research on the Japanese language through 78 rpm records of rakugo performances). Kasama Shoin.

    Note for Users

    Presentations of research results using this corpus must include a citation taking the general form of the example below (with appropriate modifications depending on the version and the date of access):

    • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (Matsuzaki, Yasuko; Hattori, Noriko, et. al.) (eds.) (2022) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series VI: Rakugo 78 rpm Discs". (Short Unit Word data 1.0) https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#rakugo (accessed November 1, 2022)

    * As long as one of either the version or the date of access is clearly cited, the other can be omitted, as below:

    • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2022) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series VI: Rakugo 78 rpm Discs". https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#rakugo (accessed November 1, 2022)
    • National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (2022) "Corpus of Historical Japanese, Meiji Era / Taishō Era Series VI: Rakugo 78 rpm Discs". (Short Unit Word data 1.0) https://clrd.ninjal.ac.jp/chj/meiji_taisho-en.html#rakugo

    Users will need to access the Corpus of Historical Japanese through the online search engine Chūnagon. Completion of a Users Licensing Agreement is required.
    Please refer to the following: The Corpus of Historical Japanese: How to apply

    Development Staff

      Developers
      • Matsuzaki, Yasuko; Hattori, Noriko（Adjunct Researcher）

      Assisting in Development
      • Ogiso, Toshinobu (Professor); Kondō, Asuko(Project Assistant Professor)
      • Ogawa, Shino; Miura, Satsuki (Production assistants)

      Data Providers
      • Kanazawa, Hiroyuki (Professor, Mejiro University); Yajima, Masahiro（Professor, Aichi University of Education）; Okada, Norio (78 rpm disc reseacher)

    * Titles are current with the time of development.

    The corpus compilation was supported by the "Construction of Diachronic Corpora and New Developments in Research on the History of Japanese" (2016-2022) project.

     
     
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    unidic_bnr

    日本語をはじめとする言語を分析するための基礎資料として、書き言葉や話し言葉の資料を体系的に収集し、研究用の情報を付与したものです。

    詳しい解説